Which of the following are the two main types of irrigation systems?

The correct answer identifies surface irrigation and drip irrigation as the two main types of irrigation systems. Surface irrigation is a method where water is applied directly to the soil surface and allowed to flow over the field, relying on gravity to distribute it. This type encompasses various techniques, including furrow and basin irrigation.

Drip irrigation, on the other hand, is a more precise method that delivers water directly to the root zone of plants through a network of tubing and emitters. This system conserves water and minimizes evaporation and runoff, making it increasingly popular in agriculture due to its efficiency.

The combination of these two methods in the answer highlights the contrast between traditional water application techniques and modern, efficient practices. Understanding these different systems helps irrigators choose the best method suitable for their specific crop requirements, topography, and water resources.